Color constancy under changes in reflected illumination

Distinct physical processes can change the spectrum of the illumination that impinges on a surface. Here we consider two such changes. The first is a change in the spectrum of the light source that provides the scene illumination (light source change). The second is a change in the reflectance of a surface located near a test surface of interest (reflected light change). A color constant visual system must compensate for changes caused by both of these physical processes. We report measurements of constancy with respect to reflected light changes and compare them to results from a recent experiment that examines constancy across light source changes. Observers viewed synthetic images rendered from three-dimensional scene descriptions and displayed on a CRT-based stereoscope. They made achromatic adjustments to test surfaces embedded in the images. The degree of constancy varied with the color direction of the illuminant change, and the variation was similar for reflected light and light source changes. The overall level of constancy was lower for reflected light changes than for light source changes. A second experiment suggests that for our conditions, constancy across reflected light changes is driven almost entirely by changes in the local surround of the test. In a third experiment, observers made asymmetric matches across both types of illuminant change. Here the matches were essentially identical across both types of illuminant change.