Primary Prostatic Lymphoma Presenting with Features of Prostatism Developed Central Nervous System (CNS) Symptoms During Chemotherapy: A Case Report

Primary lymphoma of prostate is rare representing approximately 0.1% of all non-Hogdk in lymphomas. This type of lymphoma is more common in men with an average age of 60 years old. Dysuria is the most common symptom of prostatic lymphoma, which can lead to misdiagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma easily. Besides, PSA was widely considered in the normal range in most patients with prostatic lymphoma, only a few patients showed elevated. We report a case of a 72-year-old primary prostatic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient with a significant increasing of PSA, developed Central Nervous System (CNS) symptoms after completing a cycle of R-CHOP therapy. Unfortunately, the patients received R-CHP in combination with high dose immunoglobulin, after a brief relief of CNS symptoms, the similar CNS symptoms returning again later. Involvement of CNS symptoms during therapy represents a serious complication of aggressive lymphoma, which is rare occurring nearly 5% of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is considered as a high-risk model In conclusions, primary prostatic lymphoma with an increasing of prostatic-specific antigen is a rare case that is easily misdiagnosed. R-CHOP is till the recommended regimen, but other safe and effective alternatives are urgently needed when obvious CNS symptoms occurred during treatment.