Outcomes of Reoperative Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in the United States

Background There is a paucity of data on the trends and outcomes of reoperative coronary artery bypass graft (CABG ) surgery during the current decade in the United States.Methods and Results We queried the National Inpatient Sample database (2002–2016) for all hospitalizations with isolatedCABG procedure. We reported the temporal trends and outcomes of reoperativeCABG versus primaryCABG procedures. The main outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Among 3 212 768 hospitalizations withCABG , 46 820 (1.5%) had reoperativeCABG . Over the 15‐year study period, there were no changes in the proportion of reoperativeCABG (1.8% in 2002 versus 2.2% in 2016,P tren =0.08), and the related in‐hospital mortality (3.7% in 2002 versus 2.7% in 2016,P trend =0.97). ReoperativeCABG was performed in patients with increasingly higher risk profile. Compared with primaryCABG , hospitalizations for reoperativeCABG were associated with higher in‐hospital mortality (3.2% versus 1.9%,P <0.001), cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, vascular complications, and respiratory complications. Among hospitalizations for reoperativeCABG , the predictors of higher mortality included history of heart failure and chronic kidney disease.Conclusions In this 15‐year nationwide analysis, reoperativeCABG procedures were increasingly performed in patients with higher risk profile. In‐hospital mortality rates were relatively low and did not change during the examined period. Compared with primaryCABG , reoperativeCABG is associated with higher in‐hospital mortality.