Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Implantation for Failing Bioprosthetic Triscupid Valves

Over the past decade, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has established itself as an important alternative to surgical AVR for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis who have a high or prohibitive surgical risk. The success of this breakthrough technology was propelled by data from several randomized controlled trials and large registries.(1, 2) Over this period the technology has been serially refined to overcome many key limitations. Procedural planning and execution have been largely standardized, making TAVR a mature method with reproducible outcomes across a growing spectrum of patients. The general simplicity of the TAVR procedure, compared with traditional surgery, combined with excellent outcomes of this minimally invasive treatment option even in highest risk patients with native aortic stenosis, has initiated a tidal wave of new technologies employing catheter-based devices for treating other valvular heart problems.