Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes From Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Last Remaining Coronary Artery

Background: Patients with complex high-risk coronary anatomy, such as those with a last remaining patent vessel (LRPV), are increasingly revascularized with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in contemporary practice. There are limited data on the outcomes of these high-risk procedures. Methods: We analyzed a large longitudinal PCI cohort (2007–2014, n=501 841) from the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society database. Clinical, demographic, procedural, and outcome data were analyzed by dividing patients into 2 groups; LRPV group (n=2432) and all other PCI groups (n=506 691). Results: Patients in the LRPV PCI group were older, had more comorbidities, and higher prevalence of moderate-severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Mortality was higher in the LRPV PCI group during hospital admission (12 % versus 1.5 %,P <0.001), at 30 days (15% versus 2%,P <0.001), and at one-year (24% versus 5%,P <0.001). In a propensity score matching analysis the adjusted risk of mortality during index admission (odds ratio, 2.05 [95% CI, 1.65–2.44],P <0.001), at 30 days (odds ratio, 2.13 [95% CI, 1.78–2.5],P <0.001), at 1 year (odds ratio, 1.81 [95% CI, 1.59–2.03],P <0.001), and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (odds ratio, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.42–2.19],P <0.001) were higher in LRPV PCI group as compared to control group. In sensitivity analyses, similar clinical outcomes were observed irrespective of which major epicardial coronary artery was treated.Conclusions: In this contemporary cohort, patients who had PCI to their LRPV had a higher-risk profile and more adverse clinical outcomes, irrespective of the vessel treated.