Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Induced Neovascularization Rescues Cardiac Function But Not Adverse Remodeling at Advanced Ischemic Heart Disease

Proangiogenic therapy is a promising avenue for the treatment for chronic heart failure and a potentially powerful modality for reversing adverse cardiac remodeling. There is a concern, however, that adverse remodeling might enter an irreversible stage, and become refractory to treatments. The present study aims to determine whether neovascularization therapy is feasible at end stage heart failure and its capacity to reverse adverse cardiac remodeling during progressive disease stages.