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Objectives:   To investigate the association between endothelial progenitor cells   (EPCs) and Takayasu arteritis (TA).   Subjects and    Methods:   A total of 39 subjects were included in this study: 12 subjects had been diagnosed with active TA, 11 had active Behçet disease (BD), and 16 were healthy controls. The EPCs, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels of all the subjects were measured. MedCalc 15.8 software (MedCalc, Belgium) was used for all statistical analyses.   Results:   The level of EPCs was higher in TA patients (4.25 ± 2.56) than in the BD group (2.27 ± 2.0) and the healthy controls (2.12 ± 1.2) ( p  = 0.015). TA patients with acrotism (n = 4) had higher levels of EPCs compared to TA patients without acrotism ( n  = 8) (6.50 ± 1.73 vs. 3.12 ± 2.16,  p  = 0.02). A positive correlation was found between EPCs and the ESR ( r  = 0.723,  p  = 0.0079) and between EPCs and CRP in patients with TA ( r  = 0.769,  p  < 0.0034).   Conclusion:   High levels of circulating EPCs were correlated with the CRP level and the ESR in patients with TA. These cells could be a marker for acrotism and inflammation in patients with TA.

High Levels of Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Associated with Acrotism in Patients with Takayasu Arteritis