MicroRNAs in Oligodendrocyte and Schwann Cell Differentiation | Zendy

Jason C. Dugas | Zendy; Lucia Notterpek | Zendy

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MicroRNAs in Oligodendrocyte and Schwann Cell Differentiation

Author(s) -

Jason C. Dugas,

Lucia Notterpek

Publication year - 2011

Publication title -

developmental neuroscience

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.893

H-Index - 82

eISSN - 1421-9859

pISSN - 0378-5866

DOI - 10.1159/000323919

Subject(s) - microrna , biology , gene silencing , oligodendrocyte , cellular differentiation , myelin , schwann cell , microbiology and biotechnology , computational biology , genetics , neuroscience , gene , central nervous system

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (approx. 22 nt) noncoding RNAs that are capable of post-transcriptionally silencing mRNAs that contain sequences complementary to the miRNAs' 7- to 8-bp 'seed' sequence. As single miRNAs are often predicted to target up to hundreds of individual transcripts, miRNAs are able to broadly affect the overall protein expression state of the cell. This can translate into global effects on cellular health and differentiation state. Recently, several reports have identified crucial roles for miRNAs in controlling the production, differentiation, and health of myelinating cells of the mammalian nervous system. In this review, we will discuss how individual miRNAs regulate these various processes, and also how miRNA production in general is required for several stages of myelin generation and maintenance.

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