Cerebral Vasculitis with Multiple Infarcts Caused by Lyme Disease

Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and is usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tick (Ixodes ricinus). It represents the most common vector-borne illness in Europe. Expanding annular rash (erythema migrans), myalgia, arthralgia, arthritis and neurological symptoms such as facial palsy and lymphocytic meningoradiculitis are typical symptoms. In about 10–15% of patients the peripheral or central nervous system is involved [1, 2]. We describe a patient with cerebral ischemia caused by cerebral vasculitis, a rare and atypical manifestation of the disease.