Incidence of FGFR2 Amplification and FGFR2 Fusion in Patients with Metastatic Cancer Using Clinical Sequencing

Aberrations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor2 (FGFR2) gene, including genetic alterations and chromosomal rearrangements, lead to the development and progression of cancer with poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the FGFR2 signaling pathway to facilitate the development of FGFR2-targeted therapies have not been fully explored. Here, we examined the clinicopathological features of FGFR2 amplification and fusion in gastrointestinal tract/genitourinary tract cancers. FGFR2 amplification and fusion were identified in approximately 1.5% and 1.1% of all cancer types in 1,373 patients, respectively, with both FGFR2 amplification and fusion occurring together at a rate of approximately 0.6%. Of all cancer types screened, gastric cancer (GC) was the most common cancer type with FGFR2 amplification (87.5% of all FGFR2 amplification case) or fusion (46.7% of all cases). In addition, FGFR2 alteration had poorer overall survival (OS, 13.7 months vs. 50.2 months, P = 0.0001 ) and progression-free survival (PFS, 5.6 months vs. 11.4 months, P = 0.0005 ) than did those without FGFR2 alteration, respectively. Taken together, our data underscore to screen solid cancer patients for FGFR2 aberrations in oncology clinic.