Individual Travel Knowledge Graph-Based Public Transport Commuter Identification: A Mixed Data Learning Approach

Commuters are the stable travel group for the public transportation (PT) service system. Accurately identifying the PT commuters is conducive to promoting PT service quality and development of urban sustainable transportation. This paper extracts individual PT travel chain information and constructs individual travel knowledge graphs of PT passengers based on the association matching algorithm and the theory of multilayer planning. A mixed dataset is formed by associating individual travel chains with travel survey data. Seven travel characteristic indicators regarding travel performance and spatiotemporal travel characteristics are extracted. The identification model of PT commuters is developed based on a three-layer backpropagation neural network (BPNN). The optimal model structure of neuron node number, transfer function, and learning rate are discussed quantitatively according to the minimization of model errors. The evaluation indexes of overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of the constructed model are 94.5% and 87.9% separately. The results indicate that the model identification accuracy is acceptable, and the proposed characteristic indicators and systematic modelling procedure are effective. Then, the model performance is compared with the other five machine learning models further. The results confirm that the proposed model has a better identification accuracy and viability, and the model performance will improve with the increase of the sample size.