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Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress conditions have been reported in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) is a related antioxidant in insulin synthesis. We hypothesized that insulin resistance in these women is associated with total oxidant status (TOS) and inflammatory factors.Materials and Methods   Two hundred three people including 104 PCOS patients and 99 healthy women, who were matched for age and body mass index (BMI), entered the study. Waist circumference of the participants was measured; serum glucose, lipid profile, insulin, Prx4, TOS, hs-CRP, and TNF- α  were also evaluated.Results   The Prx4 level was significantly lower in PCOS than in the control group. In addition, marked increase was observed in the concentration of TOS, hs-CRP, and TNF- α  in PCOS, compared to the healthy women. There was a positive correlation of TOS with hs-CRP, TNF- α , and HOMA-IR. The risk of PCOS for subjects with high hs-CRP was 60 times greater than those who had low serum hs-CRP concentration; after performing multiple logistic regression analyses with the backward method, TNF- α  was considered as an effective biomarker to predict PCOS  β  = 49.087 (all  p  < 0.05).Conclusion   This study identified increased oxidative stress and inflammation in PCOS; this may be due to decrease in the antioxidants, such as Prx4.

Association of Prx4, Total Oxidant Status, and Inflammatory Factors with Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome