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Changes in intestinal microbiota have been linked to the development of diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). In order to better elucidate the relationship between intestinal microbiota changes and IBS-D, we compared fecal microbiota of IBS-D rats and healthy control using pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene targeted. Furthermore, we explored the effects of different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on intestinal microbiota of IBS-D in dose-dependent manner. Our results showed that there was no significant difference in fecal microbial community diversity among the healthy control group, IBS-D rats and IBS-D rats treated with traditional Chinese medicine, but the fecal microbial composition at different taxonomic levels have changed among these groups. Interestingly, the weight of IBS-D rats treated with moderate doses (13.4 g/kg) of TCM increased significantly, and the diarrhea-related symptoms improved significantly, which may be related to the enrichment in Deferribacteres, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae and the reduction in  Lactobacillus  in fecal samples.

Association of Fecal Microbiota with Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Diarrhea and Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Its Management