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Thymus  (Lamiaceae) is famous for its pharmacological properties.  Thymus daenensis  Celak (Avishan-e-denaee in Persian) is an endemic  Thymus  species in Iran and is traditionally used for its digestive, carminative, antitussive, antispasmodic, and expectorant attributes in folk medicine. Ecotypic oils were extracted and analyzed with the GC-MS. Their biological properties in terms of antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antigenotoxic activities were evaluated using the minimal inhibitory concentration, minimal bactericidal concentration, and DPPH,  β -carotene, and comet assays. The GC-MS results for  Thymus daenensis  Celak oils revealed thymol (73.86%) and carvacrol (51.89%) as the most abundant components. Due to the results, reasonable bactericidal activity values range from 0.14 to 5.00 mg/ml, and fungicidal activity ranges from 0.17 to 0.58 mg/ml. The necessary oil free radical scavenging capacity (0.41–1.79 mg/ml), bleaching inhibitory activity (0.01–1.06 mg/ml), and genoprotective potential (1.04–7.78 mg/ml) indicated the dose-dependent activity. The results suggest that  Thymus daenensis  is an important antibacterial and antifungal bioresource. Additionally, the antioxidant and radical scavenging capacity suggests this species has a role as a natural preservative in oxidative diseases and in the prevention of food spoilage.

Ecotypic Variations Affected the Biological Effectiveness of Thymus daenensis Celak Essential Oil