Indoor Detection and Tracking of People Using mmWave Sensor

This paper proposes a new indoor people detection and tracking system using a millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar sensor. Firstly, a systematic approach for people detection and tracking is presented—a static clutter removal algorithm used for removing mmWave radar data’s static points. Two efficient clustering algorithms are used to cluster and identify people in a scene. The recursive Kalman filter tracking algorithm with data association is used to track multiple people simultaneously. Secondly, a fast indoor people detection and tracking system is designed based on our proposed algorithms. The method is lightweight enough for scalability and portability, and we can execute it in real time on a Raspberry Pi 4. Finally, the proposed method is validated by comparing it with the Texas Instruments (TI) system. The proposed system’s experimental accuracy ranged from 98% (calculated by misclassification errors) for one person to 65% for five people. The average position errors at positions 1, 2, and 3 are 0.2992 meters, 0.3271 meters, and 0.3171 meters, respectively. In comparison, the Texas Instruments system had an experimental accuracy ranging from 96% for one person to 45% for five people. The average position errors at positions 1, 2, and 3 are 0.3283 meters, 0.3116 meters, and 0.3343 meters, respectively. The proposed method’s advantage is demonstrated in terms of tracking accuracy, computation time, and scalability.