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This study is aimed at evaluating the binding effect of  Acacia etbaica  gum in granule and tablet formulations using paracetamol as a model drug. Some physicochemical properties of the purified gum such as pH, the presence of tannin and dextrin, solubility, viscosity, loss on drying, total ash value, water solubility index, swelling power, moisture sorption, and powder flow properties were investigated. Paracetamol granules were prepared using wet granulation method at 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%  w / w  of the  Acacia etbaica  gum and compared with granules prepared with reference binders (PVP K-30 and Acacia BP) in similar concentrations. The granules were characterized for bulk and tapped densities, compressibility index and Hausner ratio, angle of repose, flow rate, and friability. Finally, the prepared granules were compressed into tablets and evaluated for different tablet characteristics: weight uniformity, thickness, diameter, crushing strength, tensile strength, friability, disintegration time, and  in vitro  release profile. The physicochemical characterization revealed that tannins and dextrin are absent in the gum, and the gum has acidic pH. Both the moisture content and total ash values were within the official limits. Furthermore, the gum was found to be soluble in cold and hot water but insoluble in organic solvent and exhibited a shear thickening viscosity profile and excellent flow properties with excellent compressibility. The granules prepared with the gum of  Acacia etbaica  and reference binders showed good particle size distribution and excellent flow and compressibility properties. All the prepared tablets passed pharmacopeial specifications with respect to their uniformity of weight, thickness, and disintegration time. Tablets formulated with  Acacia etbaica  gum and acacia BP meet the compendial specification for friability at binder concentrations more than 2%. Drug release properties of all the batches formulated with  Acacia etbaica , PVP, and acacia BP complied with the pharmacopeial specification. It can be concluded that the gum of  Acacia etbaica  could be explored as an alternative excipient for its binder effect in granule and tablet formulations.

Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Binding Effect of Acacia etbaica Schweinf Gum in Granule and Tablet Formulations