The Overdiagnosis of Thyroid Micropapillary Carcinoma: The Rising Incidence, Inert Biological Behavior, and Countermeasures

The incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has exponentially increased in the past three decades. The 2014 World Cancer Report stated that, among the new cases of thyroid carcinoma, >50% are PTMC. The incidence of thyroid cancer was growing by 20.1% annually in China. Most of PTMC have low risk and excellent prognoses. It must be realized that the problem of overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer is quite serious. In this article, we summarized the phenomenon and the cause of “overdiagnosis” of PTMC, the progress of clinical management, and the countermeasures.