Update on Pharmacological Activities, Security, and Pharmacokinetics of Rhein | Zendy

Gangmin Li | Zendy; Junren Chen | Zendy; Huiqiong Zhang | Zendy; Xiaoyu Cao | Zendy; Chen Sun | Zendy; Fu Peng | Zendy; Yin Yanpeng | Zendy; Ziwei Lin | Zendy; Lei Yu | Zendy; Yan Chen | Zendy; Yun-Li Tang | Zendy; Xiaofang Xie | Zendy; Cheng Peng | Zendy

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Update on Pharmacological Activities, Security, and Pharmacokinetics of Rhein

Author(s) -

Gangmin Li,

Junren Chen,

Huiqiong Zhang,

Xiaoyu Cao,

Chen Sun,

Fu Peng,

Yin Yanpeng,

Ziwei Lin,

Lei Yu,

Yan Chen,

Yun-Li Tang,

Xiaofang Xie,

Cheng Peng

Publication year - 2021

Publication title -

evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.552

H-Index - 90

eISSN - 1741-4288

pISSN - 1741-427X

DOI - 10.1155/2021/4582412

Subject(s) - pharmacology , pharmacokinetics , bioavailability , mapk/erk pathway , oxidative stress , protein kinase b , mechanism (biology) , chemistry , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , signal transduction , medicine , biochemistry , philosophy , epistemology

Rhein, belonging to anthraquinone compounds, is one of the main active components of rhubarb and Polygonum multiflorum . Rhein has a variety of pharmacological effects, such as cardiocerebral protective effect, hepatoprotective effect, nephroprotective effect, anti-inflammation effect, antitumor effect, antidiabetic effect, and others. The mechanism is interrelated and complex, referring to NF- κ B, PI3K/Akt/MAPK, p53, mitochondrial-mediated signaling pathway, oxidative stress signaling pathway, and so on. However, to some extent, its clinical application is limited by its poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Even more, rhein has potential liver and kidney toxicity. Therefore, in this paper, the pharmacological effects of rhein and its mechanism, pharmacokinetics, and safety studies were reviewed, in order to provide reference for the development and application of rhein.

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