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IL-17A and IL-17F together with their coreceptor (IL-17RA/RC) were reported to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis. The group of axial spondyloarthritis comprises ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a rheumatic disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints in the spine. This study is aimed at investigating  IL-17A ,  IL-17F ,  IL-17RA , and  IL-17RC  polymorphisms as potential biomarkers of disease susceptibility, clinical parameters, and anti-TNF treatment outcome in a cohort of Polish ankylosing spondylitis patients. In total, 328 subjects, including 138 AS patients and 190 healthy volunteers, participated in the study. Genotyping of  IL-17A  rs2275913 (G/A),  IL-17F  rs763780 (A/G),  IL-17RA  rs4819554 (A/G), and  IL-17RC  rs708567 (G/A) was performed on real-time PCR instrument using LightSNiP assays. No significant differences were revealed in genotype and allele distribution between patients and controls despite the association of the  IL-17RC  rs708567  AA  homozygosity with the earlier onset of the disease. Moreover, some relationships between  IL-17F  rs763780 and  IL-17RA  rs4819554 polymorphisms with clinical parameters related to the disease activity and anti-TNF treatment outcome were observed.  IL-17F  rs763780 G allele was found to be associated with high disease activity and BASDAI after 6 months and poor response to the treatment while higher VAS values were more common among  IL-17RA  rs4819554 G variant carriers. In conclusion, the  IL-17F  rs763780 polymorphism should be considered as a promising biomarker of disease activity and anti-TNF treatment outcome. The  IL-17RA  rs48419554 G allele may serve as a potential marker of disease severity in Polish AS patients.

Polymorphisms within Genes Coding for IL-17A and F and Their Receptor as Clinical Hallmarks in Ankylosing Spondylitis