Open AccessPhytochemical Analysis, Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of Lichens
Author(s) -
Noura Aoussar,
Fatima Ezzahra Laasri,
Mohammed Bourhia,
Nedeljko Manoljovic,
Rajaa Aït Mhand,
Naima Rhallabi,
Riaz Ullah,
Abdelaaty A. Shahat,
Omar M. Noman,
Fahd A. Nasr,
Omer M. Almarfadi,
Mohammed El Mzibri,
Perica Vasiljević,
Laïla Benbacer,
Fouad Mellouki
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.552
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1741-4288
pISSN - 1741-427X
DOI - 10.1155/2020/8104538
Subject(s) - phytochemical , dpph , lichen , antioxidant , usnic acid , traditional medicine , chemistry , parmeliaceae , biology , food science , botany , biochemistry , medicine , ascomycota , gene
Background Lichens present a complex symbiotic relationship between a filamentous fungus, photoautotrophic partner (algae or cyanobacteria), and bacterial community. The Objective of the Study . This study aimed at investigating the chemical composition and cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of acetone extracts of Moroccan Evernia prunastri (E. prunastri), Ramalina farinacea ( R. farinacea ), and Pseudevernia furfuracea (P. furfuracea). Materials and Methods . The phytochemical analysis was carried out by HPLC-UV. The cytotoxic effect was assessed on human prostate cancer (22RV1), human colon carcinoma (HT-29), human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep-G2), and Hamster ovarian cancer (CHO) cells lines by WST1 assay. The antioxidant power was assessed by DPPH and FRAP assays. The antibacterial effect was obtained using the broth microdilution method.Results The findings of phytochemical analysis showed that the lichens studied possess interesting bioactive molecules such as physodalic acid, evernic acid, and usnic acid, as well as protocetraric acid. According to the American National Cancer Institute guidelines, the WST-1 test showed that all crude extracts did not show significant cytotoxic effects against all concerous cell lines, and IC 50 values ranged from 42.30 to 140.24 µ g/mL. Regarding the antioxidant activity, P. furfuracea extract showed the highest free-radical-scavenging ability (IC 50 = 498.40 µ g/mL). The most potent antibacterial extract was recorded for P. furfuracea extract with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.039 to 0.31 mg/mL.Conclusion In this research work, we report that the studied lichen extracts exhibit an important biological effect, supporting that lichens represent a hopeful source of original natural products for the research of new bioactive molecules having a pharmaceutical interest.