A Type of Energy Hole Avoiding Method Based on Synchronization of Nodes in Adjacent Annuluses for Sensor Network

For the purpose of balancing energy consumption of nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks WSNs for short, a type of energy hole avoiding method based on synchronization of nodes in adjacent annuluses SNAA for short is proposed in this paper. The circular network is divided into virtual annuluses with the same width. Nodes are deployed nonuniformly and their number increases in geometric progression from the outer annuluses to the inner ones which could effectively reduce the work load on nodes near the center. Moreover, each node could find its optimal parent by considering the residual energy of each candidate as well as the distance between the two nodes in adjacent annuluses. And on the basis of synchronization of nodes between adjacent annuluses during their transmitting and receiving phases, a sleep scheduling strategy is also proposed to further reduce the energy consumption of nodes in idle listening mode. Simulation results show that SNAA has a superior performance on energy consumption balance compared to the algorithm proposed Liu et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2008 and it could also mitigate the energy hole problem in WSNs.