Adaptive Impact Absorption

The approach proposed in this paper, in contrast to the standard passive solution, focuses on active adaptation of energy absorbing structures (equipped with sensor system detecting, identifying the impact in advance, and controllable semi-active dissipaters) with high ability of adaptation to extreme overloading. The paper presents a concept of multi-folding structures providing the additional value of energy dissipation, due to the synergy of repetitive use of active elements (equipped with so-called structural fuses), according to pre-designed optimal distribution of yield stress levels, triggering the desired sequence of local collapses. The second example, an adaptive wind turbine, demonstrates the idea of controlling the value of peak dynamic force that is transferred to the support by means of a pneumatic system with a controllable on/off piezo-valve. An alternative for developing new blade materials is to introduce a semi-actively controlled connection between blade and hub with controllable characteristics. Finally, the paper discusses the possibility of real-time, dynamic mass identification, which is an important part of the process of load identification. Numerical simulations and experimental results are presented.