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Background . The aim of our work was to replicate, in a Southern European population, the association reported in Northern populations between  PTPRC  locus and response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We also looked at associations between five RA risk alleles and treatment response.  Methods . We evaluated associations between anti-TNF treatment responses assessed by DAS28 change and by EULAR response at six months in 383 Portuguese patients. Univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were performed. In a second step to confirm our findings, we pooled our population with 265 Spanish patients.  Results . No association was found between  PTPRC  rs10919563 allele and anti-TNF treatment response, neither in Portuguese modeling for several clinical variables nor in the overall population combining Portuguese and Spanish patients. The minor allele for RA susceptibility, rs3761847 SNP in  TRAF1/C5  region, was associated with a poor response in linear and logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses. No association was observed with the other allellic variants. Results were confirmed in the pooled analysis.  Conclusion . This study did not replicate the association between  PTPRC  and the response to anti-TNF treatment in our Southern European population. We found that  TRAF1/C5  risk RA variants potentially influence anti-TNF treatment response.

TRAF1/C5but NotPTPRCVariants Are Potential Predictors of Rheumatoid Arthritis Response to Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy