On Evenly-Equitable, Balanced Edge-Colorings and Related Notions

A graph is said to be even if all vertices of have even degree. Given a -edge-coloring of a graph , for each color let denote the spanning subgraph of in which the edge-set contains precisely the edges colored . A -edge-coloring of is said to be an -edge-coloring if for each color , is an even graph. A -edge-coloring of is said to be evenly-equitable if for each color , is an even graph, and for each vertex and for any pair of colors , . For any pair of vertices let be the number of edges between and in (we allow , where denotes a loop incident with ). A -edge-coloring of is said to be balanced if for all pairs of colors and and all pairs of vertices and (possibly ), . Hilton proved that each even graph has an evenly-equitable -edge-coloring for each . In this paper we extend this result by finding a characterization for graphs that have an evenly-equitable, balanced -edge-coloring for each . Correspondingly we find a characterization for even graphs to have an evenly-equitable, balanced 2-edge-coloring. Then we give an instance of how evenly-equitable, balanced edge-colorings can be used to determine if a certain fairness property of factorizations of some regular graphs is satisfied. Finally we indicate how different fairness notions on edge-colorings interact with each other.