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The P-glycoprotein, encoded by the multidrug resistance ( MDR ) 1  gene, extrudes fat-soluble compounds to the extracellular environment. However, the DNA damage of pesticides in subjects with genetic variation in  MDR1  has not been investigated. In this study, the comet assay was applied to examine the extent of DNA damage in the peripheral blood of 195 fruit growers who had been exposed to pesticides and 141 unexposed controls. The  MDR1  polymorphisms were identified. Questionnaires were administered to obtain demographic data and occupational history. Results showed subjects experiencing high (2.14  μ m/cell,  P  < 0.01) or low pesticide exposure (2.18  μ m/cell,  P  < 0.01) had a significantly greater DNA tail moment than controls (1.28  μ m/cell). Compared to the  MDR1  T-129C (rs3213619) TC/CC carriers, the TT carriers had increased DNA tail moment in controls (1.30 versus 1.12  μ m/cell,  P  < 0.01). Similar results were observed in the high and low pesticide-exposed groups. Combined analysis revealed that pesticide-exposed fruit growers with  MDR1  -129 TT genotype had the greatest DNA damage in the subjects with the combinations of pesticide exposure and  MDR1  -129 genotypes. In conclusion, pesticide exposed individuals with susceptible  MDR1  -129 genotypes may experience increased risk of DNA damage.

Multidrug Resistance 1 Gene Variants, Pesticide Exposure, and Increased Risk of DNA Damage