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Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive malignant tumor with a high mortality, which resembles high-grade breast ductal carcinoma in morphology. The parotid gland is the most common location. Its molecular genetic characteristics remain largely unknown. We have previously reported high incidence of  PIK3CA  somatic mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, particularly in pharyngeal cancers. Here we examined the  PIK3CA  gene expression status and hotspot mutations in six cases of SDC by immunohistochemistry and genomic DNA sequencing. Immunohistochemistry showed that  PIK3CA  expression was elevated in all six patients with SDC. By DNA sequencing, two hotspot mutations of the  PIK3CA  gene, E545K (exon 9) and H1047R (exon 20), were identified in two of the six cases. Our results support that oncogenic  PIK3CA  is upregulated and frequently mutated in human SDC, adding evidence that  PIK3CA  oncogenic pathway is critical in the tumorigenesis of SDC, and may be a plausible drug target for this rare disease.

OncogenicPIK3CAMutation and Dysregulation in Human Salivary Duct Carcinoma