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The present investigation was directed to study the possible protective activity of quercetin—a natural antioxidant against dimethoate-induced cyto- and genotoxicity in meristematic cells of  Allium sativum . So far there is no report on the biological properties of quercetin in plant test systems. Chromosome breaks, multipolar anaphase, stick chromosome, and mitotic activity were undertaken in the current study as markers of cyto- and genotoxicity. Untreated control, quercetin controls (@ 5, 10 and 20  μ g/mL for 3 h), and dimethoate exposed groups (@ 100 and 200  μ g/mL for 3 h) were maintained. For protection against cytogenotoxicity, the root tip cells treated with dimethoate at 100 and 200  μ g/mL for 3 h and quercetin treatment at 5, 10, and 20  μ g/mL for 16 h, prior to dimethoate treatment, were undertaken. Quercetin was found to be neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic in  Allium sativum  control at these doses. A significant increase ( P  < 0.05) in chromosomal aberrations was noted in dimethoate treated  Allium . Pretreatment of  Allium sativum  with quercetin significantly ( P  < 0.05) reduced dimethoate-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in meristematic cells, and these effects were dose dependent. In conclusion, quercetin has a protective role in the abatement of dimethoate-induced cyto- and genotoxicity in the meristematic cells of  Allium sativum  that resides, at least in part, on its antioxidant effects.

Protective Effects of Quercetin against Dimethoate-Induced Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Allium sativum Test