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In this study,  in vitro  antidermatophytic activity against  Trichophyton mentagrophytes ,  Trichophyton rubrum ,  Microsporum canis , and  Microsporum gypseum  was studied by disk diffusion test and assessment of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using CLSI broth macrodilution method (M38-A2). Moreover, antileishmanial and cytotoxicity activity of  B. vulgaris  and berberine against promastigotes of  Leishmania major  and  Leishmania tropica  were evaluated by colorimetric MTT assay. The findings indicated that the various extracts of  B. vulgaris  particularly berberine showed high potential antidermatophytic against pathogenic dermatophytes tested with MIC values varying from 0.125 to >4 mg/mL. The results revealed that  B. vulgaris  extracts as well as berberine were effective in inhibiting  L. major  and  L. tropica  promastigotes growth in a dose-dependent manner with IC 50  (50% inhibitory concentration) values varying from 2.1 to 26.6   μ  g/mL. Moreover, it could be observed that berberine as compared with  B. vulgaris  exhibited more cytotoxicity against murine macrophages with CC 50  (cytotoxicity concentration for 50% of cells) values varying from 27.3 to 362.6   μ  g/mL. Results of this investigation were the first step in the search for new antidermatophytic and antileishmanial drugs. However, further works are required to evaluate exact effect of these extracts in animal models as well as volunteer human subjects.

isrn pharmacology

Antifungal, Antileishmanial, and Cytotoxicity Activities of Various Extracts of <i>Berberis vulgaris</i> (Berberidaceae) and Its Active Principle Berberine

Antifungal, Antileishmanial, and Cytotoxicity Activities of Various Extracts of Berberis vulgaris (Berberidaceae) and Its Active Principle Berberine