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Brucellosis is endemic in most parts of Egypt, where it is caused mainly by  Brucella melitensis  biovar 3, and affects cattle and small ruminants in spite of ongoing efforts devoted to its control. Knowledge of the predominant  Brucella  species/strains circulating in a region is a prerequisite of a brucellosis control strategy. For this reason a study aiming at the evaluation of the phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of a panel of 17  Brucella  spp. isolates recovered from domestic ruminants (cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goat) from four governorates during a period of five years (2002–2007) was carried out using microbiological tests and molecular biology techniques (PCR, MLVA-15, and sequencing). Thirteen strains were identified as  B. melitensis  biovar 3 while all phenotypic and genetic techniques classified the remaining isolates as  B. abortus  ( n  = 2) and  B. suis  biovar 1 ( n  = 2). MLVA-15 yielded a high discriminatory power ( h  = 0.801), indicating a high genetic diversity among the  B. melitensis  strains circulating among domestic ruminants in Egypt. This is the first report of the isolation of  B. suis  from cattle in Egypt which, coupled with the finding of  B. abortus , suggests a potential role of livestock as reservoirs of several zoonotic  Brucella  species in the region.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity of ZoonoticBrucellaspp. Recovered from Livestock in Egypt Using Multiple Locus VNTR Analysis