Effect of Equal Daily Doses Achieved by Different Power Densities of Low-Level Laser Therapy at 635 nm on Open Skin Wound Healing in Normal and Diabetic Rats

Background and Objective. Despite the fact that the molecular mechanism of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is not yet known, the exploitation of phototherapy in clinical medicine and surgery is of great interest. The present study investigates the effects of LLLT on open skin wound healing in normal and diabetic rats. Materials and Methods. Four round full-thickness skin wounds on dorsum were performed in male adult nondiabetic ( n = 24) and diabetic ( n = 24) Sprague–Dawley rats. AlGaInP (635 nm, wavelength; 5 J/cm 2 , daily dose) was used to deliver power densities of 1, 5, and 15 mW/cm 2 three times daily until euthanasia. Results. PMNL infiltration was lower in the irradiated groups (15 mW/cm 2 ). The synthesis and organisation of collagen fibres were consecutively enhanced in the 5 mW/cm 2 and 15 mW/cm 2 groups compared to the others in nondiabetic rats. In the diabetic group the only significant difference was recorded in the ratio PMNL/Ma at 15 mW/cm 2 . A significant difference in the number of newly formed capillaries in the irradiated group (5, 15 mW/cm 2 ) was recorded on day six after injury compared to the control group. Conclusion. LLLT confers a protective effect against excessive inflammatory tissue response; it stimulates neovascularization and the early formation of collagen fibres.