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Background/Aim . ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a small-vessel vasculitis of autoimmune origin. In addition to autoantibodies, T cells have a pivotal pathophysiological role in this disease. T-cell homeostasis and immune tolerance critically depend on IL-2 and its receptor expressed by T cells. In this study, we investigated the IL-2 receptor (IL-2r) expression on CD4 +  T cells in AAV.  Methods . Thirty patients with AAV and 15 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. T cells from peripheral blood were analysed by flow cytometry for expression of the IL-2r   α  - and   β  -chain.  Results . The IL-2r   α  -chain was overexpressed in AAV as compared to HC (36 ± 16% versus 20 ± 9%,  P  < 0.005). The IL-2r-  β  -chain expression was significantly reduced on CD25 +  CD4 +  T-cells and CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 pos  regulatory T-cells (Tregs; AAV versus HC: 48 ± 14% versus 62 ± 9%,  P  = 0.002 and 38 ± 18% versus 68 ± 5%,  P  = 0.002). Low   β  -chain expression in AAV was associated with relapsing disease and systemic vasculitis with renal involvement.  Conclusion . The IL-2r expression pattern is abnormal in AAV. To our knowledge, we are the first to show that the   β  -chain expression is drastically diminished on T cells in AAV and related to a less favorable disease course. Given the indispensable function of the   β  -chain in IL-2 signaling of T cells, diminished expression may contribute to disturbed immune homeostasis in AAV.

Abnormal Expression Pattern of the IL-2 Receptorβ-Chain on CD4+T Cells in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis

Abnormal Expression Pattern of the IL-2 Receptorβ-Chain on CD4⁺T Cells in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis