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The treatment of municipal wastewater from Yazd city (center of Iran) by constructed wetland vegetated with  Cyperus alternifolius  was assessed. Two identical wetlands with a total working volume of 60 L and 10 cm sandy layer at the bottom were used. First wetland (W1) was control and had no  Cyperus alternifolius  plant. Second wetland (W2) had 100  Cyperus alternifolius  shrubs with 40 cm height. Influent wastewater was provided from Yazd's septic tanks effluents and after a 4-day retention time in wetlands, reactors effluent was sampled for parameters analysis. Results show that chemical oxygen demand (COD), NO 3   − –N, NH 4   + –N, and PO 4   −3 –P in W1 were reduced to 72%, 88%, 32%, and 0.8%, and in W2, these parameters were removed in values of 83%, 81%, 47%, and 10%, respectively. In both wetlands, the highest and lowest removal efficiencies were related to COD and phosphorus, respectively. Also, the removed phosphorus can be released to stream when the soil saturated or influent phosphorus decreased and when the plant died. After a 4-day-retention time, the W2 wetland showed a statistically significantly lower COD and NH 4   + –N in comparison with W2 wetland.

Efficiency of Constructed Wetland Vegetated withCyperus alternifoliusApplied for Municipal Wastewater Treatment