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Syzygium polyanthum  (Wight) Walp. var.  polyanthum  leaves are consumed as a traditional Malay treatment of hypertension. This study investigates hypotensive potential of aqueous (AESP) and residual methanolic (met-AESP) extracts of  S. polyanthum  leaves and possible involvement of autonomic receptors. AESP and met-AESP (20 to 100 mg/kg) were intravenously administered into anaesthetized Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. Blood pressure and heart were monitored for 20 min. AESP and met-AESP induced significant dose-dependent hypotension, but only 100 mg/kg AESP caused mild bradycardia ( n  = 5). AESP-induced hypotension was more potent than that of met-AESP in WKY. AESP has a faster onset time than that of met-AESP in both WKY and SHR. However, met-AESP-induced hypotension was more sustained than that of AESP in SHR. Blockages of autonomic ganglion and   α  -adrenergic receptors using hexamethonium and phentolamine ( n  = 5 for each group) partially attenuated AESP-induced hypotension, suggesting involvement of   α  -adrenergic receptors. Blockages of autonomic ganglion,   β  -adrenergic, cholinergic receptors, and nitric oxide production using hexamethonium, propranolol, atropine, and N-  ω  -nitro-l arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) ( n  = 5 for each group) partially attenuated met-AESP-induced hypotension, suggesting involvement of   β  -adrenergic and cholinergic receptors via nitric oxide production.

evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine

Autonomic Nervous System Mediates the Hypotensive Effects of Aqueous and Residual Methanolic Extracts of<i>Syzygium polyanthum</i>(Wight) Walp. var.<i>polyanthum</i>Leaves in Anaesthetized Rats

Autonomic Nervous System Mediates the Hypotensive Effects of Aqueous and Residual Methanolic Extracts ofSyzygium polyanthum(Wight) Walp. var.polyanthumLeaves in Anaesthetized Rats