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Background . Adipokines have been proved to relate with osteoarthritis (OA). As a recently discovered adipokine, nesfatin-1 relationship with OA has not been reported.  Aim . To determine the levels of nesfatin-1 in serum and synovial fluid (SF) from patients with and without OA; to examine the correlation between nesfatin-1 levels and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), Type IIA Collagen N Propeptide (PIIANP), and IL-18 (interleukin-18) levels in serum or synovial fluid.  Methods . Serum and SF were collected from knee OA patients and healthy persons, respectively. Five articular tissues were obtained during TKR for immunohistochemistry (IHC). Nesfatin-1 levels, hsCRP, PIIANP, and IL-18 in serum and SF were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).  Results . Nesfatin-1 gene was expressed in OA-affected articular cartilage. OA serum contained significantly higher levels of nesfatin-1, as compared to serum from healthy controls ( P  < 0.05), and nesfatin-1 levels in OA serum exceeded those in paired SF samples ( P  < 0.001). Significant correlation was found between serum nesfatin-1 and hsCRP levels in OA patients ( r  = 0.593,  P  = 0.00005) and also synovial nesfatin-1 and IL-18 levels ( r  = 0.560,  P  = 0.0017).  Conclusion . Nesfatin-1 is present in articular tissues and may contribute to the physiopathologic changes in OA. Nesfatin-1, accompanied with hsCRP and IL-18, could be new molecular makers to speculate OA progression.

Increased Serum Levels and Chondrocyte Expression of Nesfatin-1 in Patients with Osteoarthritis and Its Relation with BMI, hsCRP, and IL-18