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The aim of this work was to measure peripheral lymphocyte apoptosis during IBD flare and remission.  Subjects and Methods.  Flow-cytometric assessment of apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was assessed in 30 children with IBD (16 with ulcerative colitis and 14 with Crohn's disease) compared to 22, age and sex matched, healthy children. This was carried out during a flare, whether in newly diagnosed or relapsing patients, and after achievement of remission. Clinical findings, complete blood count, liver transaminases, and kidney functions were assessed.  Results . Early apoptotic and late apoptotic/necrotic lymphocytes were significantly higher during IBD flare compared to controls ( P  ≤ 0.01 and <0.01, resp., in ulcerative colitis and  P  ≤ 0.01 and <0.01, resp., in Crohn's disease patients). Remission values were significantly decreased but did not come back to the control levels. Early apoptotic values were significantly related to joint involvement in IBD patients ( P  < 0.0001).  Conclusions . We can speculate a systemic nature of IBD as evident by enhanced peripheral lymphocyte apoptosis. This is related, to a great extent, to the disease process as it is more deranged in flare than in remission. Relation of this derangement to extraintestinal manifestations needs a special attention.

Enhanced Blood Lymphocytes Apoptosis in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease