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The antiviral activity of the organic extract (OE) of  Eupatorium buniifolium  against poliovirus type 1 was determined by  in vitro  assays with an effective concentration 50 (EC 50 ) of 23.3 ± 3.3  µ g/mL. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the OE allowed the isolation of an active principle that was identified by spectroscopic methods ( 1 H- and  13 C-NMR, EI-MS, UV, and IR spectroscopy) as the benzofuran euparin. The plaque reduction assay in Vero cells was used to assess the antiviral activity of euparin against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 with EC 50  values of 0.47, 0.12, and 0.15  µ g/mL, respectively. Moreover, this compound showed high selectivity indexes of 284.9, 1068, and 854.7, respectively. In order to identify the mechanism by which euparin exerts its antiviral activity, the virucidal effect, the pretreatment of Vero cells, and the time of action on one viral replication cycle were evaluated. Results obtained demonstrated that euparin exerts its effect during the early events of the replication cycle, from the virus adsorption to cells up to the first twenty minutes after infection. This is the first report on the presence of euparin in  E. buniifolium  and its antiviral activity.

Antipoliovirus Activity of the Organic Extract ofEupatorium buniifolium: Isolation of Euparin as an Active Compound