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Background . Pityriasis alba (PA) is a frequent cause of consultation in tropical areas due to its chronic course, frequent relapses, and notorious hypopigmented lesions in pediatric dark skin populations. Currently, no treatment is widely accepted.  Objective . To assess the efficacy of 0.0003% calcitriol and 0.1% tacrolimus ointments compared with placebo in the treatment of endemic PA.  Methods . Twenty-eight children aged 3–17 years with 56 symmetrical lesions and phototype IV-V, were randomly assigned to receive the treatments on target lesions on the face. Improvement was evaluated at baseline and 8 weeks later clinically and by digital quantification of the affected area, colorimetry, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL).  Results . Tacrolimus and calcitriol ointments induced a mean improvement of 68%, compared to 44% of placebo. We found an elevated TEWL in PA lesions. In the treated plaques, the reduction of the affected area was associated with improvement of pigmentation and TEWL.  Conclusions . Calcitriol and tacrolimus induced similar repigmentation in endemic PA lesions. Melanogenic, anti-inflammatory, and barrier defect restoration properties of these drugs may explain these findings.

dermatology research and practice

Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Study Comparing 0.0003<b>%</b>Calcitriol with 0.1<b>%</b>Tacrolimus Ointments for the Treatment of Endemic Pityriasis Alba

Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Study Comparing 0.0003%Calcitriol with 0.1%Tacrolimus Ointments for the Treatment of Endemic Pityriasis Alba