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The objective of the study is to investigate whether the  Hibiscus aethiopicus  L. plant has neutralization activity against venoms of two clinically important snakes. The  H. aethiopicus  was dried and extracted with water. Different assays were performed to evaluate the plant's acute toxicity and its anti-snake venom activities. The results showed that  H. aethiopicus  extract alone had no effect on the viability of C 2 C 12  muscle cells, but significantly ( P  < .05) protected muscle cells against the toxic effects of  E. ocellatus  venom at 55, 150, and 300  μ g/mL. The maximum protective effect of the extract was exhibited at 75  μ g/mL. The extract significantly ( P  < .001) inhibited the cytotoxic effects of  E. ocellatus  venom at 300  μ g/mL. All rabbits ( n  = 10) and guinea pigs ( n  = 10) were alive after the two weeks of given the lethal dosage 16 g/Kg of the  H. aethiopicus  extract herbal solution. No abnormal behaviour was observed of both groups of animals. All guinea pigs ( n  = 3) treated with venoms alone (5 mg/kg) died. However, all guinea pigs ( n  = 21) treated with venom (5 mg/kg) and the extract (400 to 1000 mg/kg) survived. Guinea pigs ( n  = 3) treated with  Naja n. nigricollis  venom alone (2.5 mg/kg) and guinea pigs ( n  = 21) venom with the extract (400 to 1000 mg/kg) died. The  H. aethiopicus  completely (100%) blocked the haemorrhagic activity of  E. ocellatus  in the egg embryo at 3.3 mg/mL of extract. These findings suggest that  H. aethiopicus  may contain an endogenous inhibitor of venom-induced haemorrhage.

Antisnake Venom Activity ofHibiscus aethiopicusL. againstEchis ocellatusandNaja n. nigricollis