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. Microbial pathogens, one of them is  Helicobacter pylori  ( H. pylori ), have frequently been implicated in the atherogenesis. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and plays a pivotal role in the regulation of vascular tone. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is the most potent endogenous NOS inhibitor. Elevated levels of ADMA have been reported in many circumstances associated with a high cardiovascular risk. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the eradication of  H. pylori  infection affects serum ADMA levels.  Materials and Methods . Forty-two  H. pylori -positive patients were enrolled in the study. Triple therapy for 14 days were given to all patients. Serum ADMA levels were measured at baseline and 2 months after therapy.  Results . Eradication was achieved in 34 (81%) patients. The mean serum ADMA levels before and after therapy were 1, 77 ± 0, 30 and 1, 67 ± 0, 29 ng/mL in the group with  H. pylori  eradicated and 1, 63 ± 0, 28 and 1, 56 ± 0, 32 ng/mL in the noneradicated, respectively. We detected statistically significant decreased serum ADMA levels after therapy in  H. pylori  eradicated group.  Conclusion . These findings have indicated that eradication of  H. pylori  infection may decrease the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events.

Helicobacter pyloriEradication Lowers Serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Levels