Theory and Modeling of Lasing Modes in Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers | Zendy

Benjamin Klein | Zendy; Leonard F. Register | Zendy; K. Hess | Zendy; D.G. Deppe | Zendy

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Theory and Modeling of Lasing Modes in Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers

Author(s) -

Benjamin Klein,

Leonard F. Register,

K. Hess,

D.G. Deppe

Publication year - 1998

Publication title -

vlsi design

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.123

H-Index - 24

eISSN - 1065-514X

pISSN - 1026-7123

DOI - 10.1155/1998/81752

Subject(s) - lasing threshold , laser , gain switching , eigenvalues and eigenvectors , optics , phase (matter) , optoelectronics , semiconductor laser theory , vertical cavity surface emitting laser , surface (topology) , gain , amplitude , physics , materials science , active laser medium , mathematics , quantum mechanics , laser power scaling , geometry

The problem of obtaining the lasing modes and corresponding threshold conditions for vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) is formulated as a frequency-dependent eigenvalue problem in required gain amplitudes and corresponding fields. Both index and gain guiding are treated on an equal footing. The complex gain eigenvalues define necessary but not sufficient conditions for lasing. The actual lasing frequencies andmodes that the VCSEL can support are then determined by matching the gain necessary for the optical system in both magnitude and phase to the gain available from the laser's electronic system. Examples are provided

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