Defensive Regurgitation by A Noctuid Moth Larva (Litoprosopus Futilis)

Larvae of the noctuid moth Litoprosopus futilis regurgitatewhen disturbed. The oral effluent proved deterrent to ants on nearcontact,and topically irritating in a scratch test with a cockroach.Larvae regurgitated when attacked by lycosid spiders and derivedsome protection from this behavior. Caterpillars were able toregurgitate even when emerging from the eggs; however, at thisstage, they proved vulnerable to attack by chrysopid larvae andants