English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Immunoglobulin sequences from an individual Xenopus laevis froglet were analyzed for combinatorial and junctional diversity. In an animal with about 10(6) B lymphocytes, at least 26 out of the 56 VH1 genes available in a diploid genome were expressed, as were all JH segments. Junctional diversity was similar to that observed in Xenopus tadpole sequences, that is, little or no N diversification was found and the recombination site sometimes occurred in a region of V/D or D/J homology. The froglet IgH diversity is further restricted by the elimination of D-gene participation through direct V to J joining. Of the six complementary-determining regions (CDR) contributing to the structure of the antigen-combining site, CDR3 is the most variable in sequence and structure. Froglet IgH CDR3 are restricted to both aspects. Compared to IgH sequences isolated from a 5-month-old adult, froglet CDR3 were, on the average, two codons shorter; overall, 58% of the froglet Ig sequences isolated carried CDR3 of &lt; or = 7 codons, compared to 30% of the adult sequences. In addition to being shorter, the tadpole/froglet CDR3 are less variable in sequence, as the absence of N regions also results in the V/D and D/J junctions being derived from germline elements. We therefore suggest that latent anti-adult specificities are not eliminated in situ, in the tadpole, but rather that such germline gene segments, singly or in their combinations thereof, that can potentially react to adult self-epitopes after metamorphosis have been counterselected during the course of evolution.

IgH Diversity In an Individual With Only One Million B Lymphocytes