Nymphalis Vau-Album (Schiffermuller & Denis), a Holarctic Species (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae)

The purpose of this paper is to show that Nymphalis ]-album (Boisduval), long .consi.dered a .distinct species by North American workers, really represents the Nearctic populations of a Holarctic species correctly designated as Nymphalis vau-album (Schiffermuller and Denis). Nymphalis vau-album (Schiff.ermuller & Denis) Papilio vau-album Schiffermuller & Denis, 1775. Ankiindung syst. werkes schmetterlinge Wiener gegend, p. 176; sex not specified. Type locality: "Wiener gegend". Papilio N. [ymphalis] Ph. [a.leratus] L album Esper, 1781. Die schmetterlinge in abbildungen na.ch der natur beschreibungen, 1 (Bd. 2): 69, pl. 62, contin. 12, figs. 3a & 3b; sex not .specified. Type locality: Hungary and Austria. V[anessa] ]-album B.o.is.duval & Leconte, 1833. Hist.oire gnral et iconographie L.pid.optres Amrique septentrionale, 1"185, pl. 50, figs. 1 & 2; sex not specified. Type locality: environs .of New Y.ork, Philadelphia, and New Harmony, Indiana. NEW SYNONYMY. Vanessa pocahontas Scudder, 1889. The butterflies of the eastern United States and Canada with special reference to New England, 1:379; pr.oposed in synonymy with.out .description, sex not specified. Vanessa L. album samurai Fruhstorfer, 1907. Societas Entomologica, 22:60; 2 , & 43 3. Type 1.ocality" Hondo, Japan. NEW SYNONYMY. Aglais ]-album watsoni Hall, 1924. J.our. N. Y. Ent. Soc.,