Profiling analysis of 17β-estradiol-regulated lncRNAs in mouse thymic epithelial cells

Thymus is the primary organ for T cell differentiation and maturation. Many studies have demonstrated that estrogen plays a crucial role in thymic epithelial cell (TEC) proliferation during thymic involution. LncRNAs are involved in various biological processes; however, estrogen-mediated lncRNA expression in TECs has not been yet reported. To address this question, the mouse medullary thymic epithelial cell line 1 (MTEC1) was treated with 17β-estradiol (E2). By using CCK8 assay and flow cytometry, we found that E2 was able to inhibit viability and proliferation of MTEC1 cells. The expression profiles of lncRNAs in MTEC1 cells with or without E2 treatment were then measured by RNA-Seq, and a total of 962 lncRNAs and 2,469 mRNAs were shown to be differentially expressed. The reliability of RNA-Seq was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. Correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the potential function of lncRNAs. According to gene ontology (GO) analysis, differentially expressed lncRNAs were mainly related to cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that these lncRNAs were associated with several pathways, namely immunological activity, metabolism and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. In conclusion, our study provided a novel direction for studying the relationship between lncRNAs and E2 in the thymus.