Standard magnetic resonance-based measurements of the Pi→ATP rate do not index the rate of oxidative phosphorylation in cardiac and skeletal muscles

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based magnetization transfer techniques (MT) are commonly used to assess the rate of oxidative (i.e., mitochondrial) ATP synthesis in intact tissues. Physiologically appropriate interpretation of MT rate data depends on accurate appraisal of the biochemical events that contribute to a specific MT rate measurement. The relative contributions of the specific enzymatic reactions that can contribute to a MT P(i)→ATP rate measurement are tissue dependent; nonrecognition of this fact can bias the interpretation of MT P(i)→ATP rate data. The complexities of MT-based measurements of mitochondrial ATP synthesis rates made in striated muscle and other tissues are reviewed, following which, the adverse impacts of erroneous P(i)→ATP rate data analyses on the physiological inferences presented in selected published studies of cardiac and skeletal muscle are considered.