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Connexin (Cx) mimetic peptides derived from extracellular loop II sequences (e.g., Gap27: SRPTEKTIFII; Peptide5: VDCFLSRPTEKT) have been used as reversible, Cx-specific blockers of hemichannel (HCh) and gap junction channel (GJCh) function. These blockers typically require high concentrations (~5 µM,  1 h for GJCh) to achieve inhibition. We have shown that addition of a hexadecyl ( Hdc) lipid tail to the conserved SRPTEKT peptide sequence (SRPTEKT- Hdc) results in a novel, highly efficacious, and potent inhibitor of mechanically induced Ca 2+ -wave propagation (IC 50 64.8 pM) and HCh-mediated dye uptake (IC 50 45.0 pM) in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells expressing rat Cx43 (MDCK43). The lack of similar effect on dye coupling (NBD-MTMA) suggested channel conformation-specific inhibition. Here we report that SRPTEKT- Hdc inhibition of Ca 2+ -wave propagation, dye coupling, and dye uptake depended on the functional configuration of Cx43 as determined by phosphorylation at serine 368 (S368). Ca 2+ -wave propagation was enhanced in MDCK cells expressing single-site mutants of Cx43 that mimicked (MDCK43-S368D) or favored (MDCK43-S365A) phosphorylation at S368. Furthermore, SRPTEKT- Hdc potently inhibited GJCh-mediated Ca 2+ -wave propagation (IC 50 230.4 pM), dye coupling, and HCh-mediated dye uptake in MDCK43-S368D and -S365A cells. In contrast, Ca 2+ -wave propagation, dye coupling, and dye uptake were largely unaffected (IC 50 12.3 μM) by SRPTEKT- Hdc in MDCK43-S368A and -S365D cells, mutations that mimic or favor dephosphorylation at S368. Together, these data indicate that SRPTEKT- Hdc is a potent inhibitor of physiological Ca 2+ -wave signaling mediated specifically by the pS368 phosphorylated form of Cx43.

The lipidated connexin mimetic peptide SRPTEKT-Hdcis a potent inhibitor of Cx43 channels with specificity for the pS368 phospho-isoform