English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Zinc (Zn 2+ ) is the most abundant biological metal ion aside from iron and is an essential element in numerous biological systems, acting as a cofactor for a large number of enzymes and regulatory proteins. Zn 2+ must be tightly regulated, as both the deficiency and overabundance of intracellular free Zn 2+ are harmful to cells. Zn 2+ transporters (ZnTs) play important functions in cells by reducing intracellular Zn 2+ levels by transporting the ion out of the cytoplasm. We characterized a Toxoplasma gondii gene (TgGT1_251630, TgZnT), which is annotated as the only ZnT family Zn 2+ transporter in T. gondii TgZnT localizes to novel vesicles that fuse with the plant-like vacuole (PLV), an endosome-like organelle. Mutant parasites lacking TgZnT exhibit reduced viability in in vitro assays. This phenotype was exacerbated by increasing zinc concentrations in the extracellular media and was rescued by media with reduced zinc. Heterologous expression of TgZnT in a Zn 2+ -sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain partially restored growth in media with higher Zn 2+ concentrations. These results suggest that TgZnT transports Zn 2+ into the PLV and plays an important role in the Zn 2+ tolerance of T. gondii extracellular tachyzoites. IMPORTANCE  Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular pathogen of human and animals. T. gondii pathogenesis is associated with its lytic cycle, which involves invasion, replication, egress out of the host cell, and invasion of a new one. T. gondii must be able to tolerate abrupt changes in the composition of the surrounding milieu as it progresses through its lytic cycle. We report the characterization of a Zn 2+ transporter of T. gondii (TgZnT) that is important for parasite growth. TgZnT restored Zn 2+ tolerance in yeast mutants that were unable to grow in media with high concentrations of Zn 2+ We propose that TgZnT plays a role in Zn 2+ homeostasis during the T. gondii lytic cycle.

The Vacuolar Zinc Transporter TgZnT Protects Toxoplasma gondii from Zinc Toxicity