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Using nontumorigenic immortalized human cell lines KMST-6 (KMST) and SUSM-1 (SUSM), we attempted to identify the chromosome that carries a putative senescence-related gene(s). These cell lines are the only ones that have been established independently from normal human diploid fibroblasts following in vitro mutagenesis. We first examined restriction fragment length polymorphisms on each chromosome of these immortalized cell lines and their parental cell lines and found specific chromosomal alterations common to these cell lines (a loss of heterozygosity in KMST and a deletion in SUSM) on the long arm of chromosome 7. In addition to these, we also found that introduction of chromosome 7 into these cell lines by means of microcell fusion resulted in the cessation of cell division, giving rise to cells resembling cells in senescence. Introduction of other chromosomes, such as chromosomes 1 and 11, on which losses of heterozygosity were also detected in one of the cell lines (KMST), to either KMST or SUSM cells or of chromosome 7 to several tumor-derived cell lines had no effect on their division potential. These results strongly suggest that a gene(s) affecting limited-division potential or senescence of normal human fibroblasts is located on chromosome 7, probably at the long arm of the chromosome, representing the first case in which a specific chromosome reverses the immortal phenotype of otherwise normal human cell lines.

Chromosome 7 suppresses indefinite division of nontumorigenic immortalized human fibroblast cell lines KMST-6 and SUSM-1.