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Accumulating evidence has unveiled the roles of ribosomal proteins (RPs) belonging to the large 60S subunit in regulating selective translation of specific mRNAs. The translation specicity of the large-subunit RPs in this process is thought provoking, given the role they play canonically in catalyzing peptide bond formation. Here, we have identified the ribosomal protein L13 (RPL13) as a critical regulator of IRES-driven translation during FMDV infection. Our study supports a model whereby the FMDV IRESs recruit helicase DDX3 recognizing RPL13 to facilitate IRES-driven translation, with the assistance of eIF3e and eIF3j. A better understanding of these specific interactions surrounding IRES-mediated translation initiation could have important implications for the selective translation of viral mRNA and thus for the development of effective prevention of viral infection.

Ribosomal Protein L13 Promotes IRES-Driven Translation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in a Helicase DDX3-Dependent Manner