Open AccessGenetic Heterogeneity and Recombination in Canine Noroviruses
Author(s) -
Vito Martella,
Nicola Decaro,
Eleonora Lorusso,
Arianna Radogna,
P. Moschidou,
Francesca Amorisco,
Maria Stella Lucente,
Costantina Desario,
Viviana Mari,
Gabriella Elia,
Krisztiàn Bányai,
L E Carmichael,
Canio Buonavoglia
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.617
H-Index - 292
eISSN - 1070-6321
pISSN - 0022-538X
DOI - 10.1128/jvi.01385-09
Subject(s) - biology , capsid , virology , genetics , norovirus , amino acid , caliciviridae , strain (injury) , gene , feces , virus , microbiology and biotechnology , anatomy
Alphatronlike (genogroup IV [GIV]) noroviruses (NoVs) have been recently identified in carnivores. By screening a collection of 183 fecal samples collected during 2007 from dogs with enteric signs, the overall NoV prevalence was found to be 2.2% (4/183). A unique strain, Bari/91/07/ITA, resembled GIV.2 NoVs in its ORF1 (polymerase complex), while it was genetically unrelated in its full-length ORF2 (capsid gene) to GIV animal and human NoVs (54.0 to 54.4% amino acid identity) and to any other NoV genogroup (<54.7% amino acid identity). It displayed the highest identity (58.1% amino acid identity) to unclassified human strain Chiba/040502/04/Jp. Interestingly, the very 5' end of ORF2 of the canine virus matched short noroviral sequences (88.9% nucleotide identity and 98.9% amino acid identity) identified from oysters in Japan, indicating that similar viruses may be common environmental contaminants.